Distributor Nozzle

Distributor Nozzle: Key tool for basement and high-rise fires. Learn usage, setup, and team operation tips.

The distributor nozzle is a crucial tool used in specific fire scenarios—particularly in basement fires and fires in high-rise buildings.

Key Features

Inverted Use:
This nozzle is typically operated upside-down. Its ports are designed to deflect water upward toward the ceiling, allowing the stream to bounce and spread widely. This design helps suppress fire more effectively over a broad area.

Types of Distributor Nozzles:

1.5-inch straight stream nozzle
1.5-inch fog stream nozzle
2.5-inch fog stream nozzle
2.5-inch smooth bore nozzle

Each type delivers a different water pattern and should be selected based on the fire scenario.

Usage Guidelines & Safety Tips

Shutoff Valve Positioning:
Distributor nozzles do not have built-in shutoff mechanisms.
Never place the shutoff valve directly behind the nozzle.
Instead, allow approximately 50 feet (15 meters) of hose between the nozzle and the shutoff valve.

Hose & Valve Setup:

For 1.5-inch nozzles: Use a standard 1.5-inch shutoff valve.
For 2.5-inch nozzles: Use a 2.5-inch shutoff valve with an increaser to connect to a 2.5-inch hose.

During Operation:

When deploying from above (such as through a hole in the floor), be aware that fire, heat, and smoke will rapidly rise.
Insert the nozzle into the hole, call for water, and move the nozzle up and down to distribute water across the area.

Training and Team Coordination

Proper training is essential for using this nozzle effectively. Teamwork is critical, and the operation typically involves:

One member handling the shutoff valve
One managing the backup line
One operating the nozzle directly

On the Fireground

In many cases, full fire suppression will still require crews to enter the affected area. For deep-seated fires in basements or upper floors, multiple access points may be created to insert the nozzle from above.

Even though you might use this nozzle only once in your career, when that time comes, it may be the only effective tool available. Preparation and training are key.