Category: FIRE
Basics of Fire Investigation: Fire and Combustion
What is Fire? Fire is a chemical reaction in which a material undergoes rapid oxidation, releasing heat and light. Most fires involve the combustion of organic materials. Organic materials are substances that contain carbon, such as wood and plastics. Each material has different physical properties. For example, cotton and gasoline are both organic, but their…
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Verbal Communication by Firefighters and Paramedics
The Importance of Verbal Communication by Firefighters and Paramedics — Calm, clear voice interactions help ensure safety, gather key info, and support effective rescue. When firefighters or paramedics speak to an injured or sick person, it’s not just casual conversation. Their words play a vital role in life-saving efforts. The way they talk can help…
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Basics of Fire
Basics of Fire: What is Fire? Fire is a chemical reaction that produces heat and light. Learn about fire behavior, the fire triangle, and how firefighters control ventilation to suppress fires. States of Matter There are three main states of matter: For a material to burn, it usually needs to turn into a gas. Wood…
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Changes in Materials Due to Fire Damage
Changes in Materials Due to Fire Damage”—How wood, metal, and other materials react to fire. Essential for fire investigations and safety assessments. Wood Wood undergoes different changes depending on the intensity of the fire damage: 1. Discoloration (Mild Fire Damage) 2. Peeling (Moderate Fire Damage) 3. Combustion (Severe Fire Damage) Wood gradually deteriorates with increasing…
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Hydrovent
Hydrovent is a firefighting tool that combines fire suppression and ventilation, improving safety and efficiency. It quickly removes smoke and heat while extinguishing flames. Introduction to Hydrovent Development Background and Purpose Hydrovent was developed to improve firefighting operations by combining fire suppression with ventilation. This tool was designed by firefighters themselves to enhance their safety…
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Metallic Potassium
Metallic potassium (K) ignites in water and oxidizes in air. Used in industry and science, it requires careful handling. Metallic potassium (K) is one of the alkali metals in Group 1 of the periodic table. It is highly reactive and rarely found in its pure form in nature. Instead, it is usually present in minerals…
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Metallic Sodium
Metallic sodium is a highly reactive metal classified as an alkali metal in the periodic table. At room temperature, it has a silvery-white appearance, but it oxidizes quickly when exposed to air, so proper storage is essential. This metal reacts violently with water, producing hydrogen gas, which can ignite and cause fires. Therefore, handling it…
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Triple Layer Load
Overview Triple Layer Load is an efficient method that allows firefighters to quickly deploy hoses at the scene. 1. Fast Deployment 2. Tangle-Free Design 3. Compact and Easy to Carry 4. Reduces Hose Damage 5. Consistent Layout Loading Method Here’s how to properly stack the hose using the Triple Layer Load method: 1. Prepare the…
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Radiant (Thermal Radiation) Heat
Basic Principles and Role of Radiant Heat Radiant heat (also called thermal radiation) is one of the six factors that influence our thermal environment. It is the process of heat transfer through infrared radiation, affecting many aspects of daily life. For example, the heat from the sun warming the Earth through the vacuum of space…
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Cleveland Load
The Cleveland Load is a specific technique for folding fire hoses, developed by the San Diego Fire Department. This method allows for efficient hose packing and rapid deployment, making it highly favored by firefighters, especially in scenarios involving high-rise buildings or wildfires. Its ease of transportation and deployment is particularly advantageous in these challenging environments.…
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